Linux编译安装Python3.11或3.9.9

前置环境准备

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
sudo apt install sqlite*
sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev

ll /usr/include/openssl

sudo apt-get install -y openssl libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev

Python3环境安装

1. 下载Python的源代码
   https://www.python.org/downloads/source/

   
   wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.7/Python-3.11.7.tgz

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.9/Python-3.9.9.tgz

2. 将源码包传输到Linux服务器
3. 解压
```bash
tar -zxvf Python-3.11.7.tgz
cd Python-3.11.7

tar -zxvf Python-3.9.9.tgz
cd Python-3.9.9

4. 创建安装目录

   pwd
   mkdir python311

   ```bash
   mkdir python39

5. 进入解压的Python-3.11.7目录，编译安装Python

   cd Python-3.11.7/
   ./configure --prefix=/linqingyang/software/python311 --enable-shared --enable-optimizations --with-openssl=/usr/local/ssl
   make
   make install

   --prefix 是希望安装Python的目录绝对路径

   注意：如果make失败，则需要执行make clean 清除之前安装的make编译文件，然后再执行以下步骤。

   ./configure --prefix=/linqingyang/software/python3.11 --enable-optimizations
   make

   如果make失败，可执行 make clean清除编译过程中生成的文件。
   如果报错 no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
   需要安装C编译器

   -> ubuntu

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt install build-essential

   -> CentOS Linux

   sudo yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'

   安装完成后，再次运行configure命令

6. 安装成功，显示成功安装的结果

   Successfully installed pip-23.2.1 setuptools-65.5.0

7. 验证安装结果

   /linqingyang/software/python311/bin/python3 --version

/linqingyang/software/python39/bin/python3 --version

输入安装的python版本

Python 3.11.7
Python 3.9.9

8. 配置python3.11到当前用户的环境变量中

   vi ~/.bash_profile

   添加

   ```
   export PATH=/linqingyang/software/python311/bin:$PATH

   
   
   :wq保存退出

9. 激活修改后的配置文件

   source ~/.bash_profile

10. 再次验证，显示版本号即可

    ```bash
    python3 --version
    Python 3.11.7
    Python 3.9.9

11. （可选）清理源码包和源码解压目录

    rm -rf Python-3.11.7/
    rm -rf Python-3.11.7.tgz